See bʰo on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "bà"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*bo"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*ba"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "and; if",
"word": "bè"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "bhe"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"sense": "and",
"word": "bha"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*be"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "bʰo ~ *bʰe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "particle",
"head": "*bʰo ~ *bʰe"
},
"expansion": "*bʰo ~ *bʰe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Indo-European particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "phḗ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "φή"
},
{
"roman": "bā",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian",
"word": "𐬠𐬁"
},
{
"word": "bʰaH"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *bʰé(h₁) íd"
},
{
"english": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"translation": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"word": "bʰé-h₁"
},
{
"word": "bʰē"
},
{
"english": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"translation": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"word": "bʰo-h₁"
},
{
"word": "bʰō"
},
{
"alt": "with locative suffix *-r",
"word": "-bʰe-r"
},
{
"word": "né bʰo(h₁)"
},
{
"word": "e"
},
{
"english": "and",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"translation": "and",
"word": "bei̇̃"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "ba"
},
{
"english": "not anymore",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"translation": "not anymore",
"word": "nèbe"
},
{
"roman": "bōit̰",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬠𐬋𐬌𐬝"
},
{
"roman": "-ba",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "-𐌱𐌰"
},
{
"roman": "niba",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌹𐌱𐌰"
},
{
"alt": "in ollaber and possibly berber",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Old-Latin"
],
"word": "-ber"
},
{
"english": "for, namely; with semantic reversal",
"roman": "nebo",
"sense": "Old Church Slavonic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"translation": "for, namely; with semantic reversal",
"word": "небо"
}
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic particle: surely, indeed"
],
"id": "en-bʰo-ine-pro-particle-AtHqzAPm",
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#English"
],
[
"surely",
"surely"
],
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰo"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "phḗ",
"sense": "Proto-Hellenic",
"tags": [
"Ancient-Greek"
],
"word": "φή"
},
{
"roman": "bā",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian",
"word": "𐬠𐬁"
},
{
"word": "bʰaH"
},
{
"english": "and",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"translation": "and",
"word": "bei̇̃"
},
{
"roman": "bōit̰",
"sense": "Proto-Iranian; Younger Avestan",
"word": "𐬠𐬋𐬌𐬝"
},
{
"word": "⇒ *bʰé(h₁) íd"
},
{
"english": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"translation": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"word": "bʰé-h₁"
},
{
"word": "bʰē"
},
{
"english": "see there for further descendants",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"translation": "see there for further descendants",
"word": "ba"
},
{
"roman": "-ba",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "-𐌱𐌰"
},
{
"english": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"translation": "with instrumental suffix *-h₁",
"word": "bʰo-h₁"
},
{
"word": "bʰō"
},
{
"alt": "in ollaber and possibly berber",
"sense": "Proto-Italic",
"tags": [
"Old-Latin"
],
"word": "-ber"
},
{
"alt": "with locative suffix *-r",
"word": "-bʰe-r"
},
{
"english": "not anymore",
"sense": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"tags": [
"Lithuanian"
],
"translation": "not anymore",
"word": "nèbe"
},
{
"english": "for, namely; with semantic reversal",
"roman": "nebo",
"sense": "Old Church Slavonic",
"tags": [
"Proto-Slavic"
],
"translation": "for, namely; with semantic reversal",
"word": "небо"
},
{
"roman": "niba",
"sense": "Proto-Germanic",
"tags": [
"Gothic"
],
"word": "𐌽𐌹𐌱𐌰"
},
{
"word": "né bʰo(h₁)"
},
{
"word": "e"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "bà"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*bo"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*ba"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"sense": "and; if",
"word": "bè"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "bhe"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"sense": "and",
"word": "bha"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"word": "*be"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "bʰo ~ *bʰe",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "particle",
"head": "*bʰo ~ *bʰe"
},
"expansion": "*bʰo ~ *bʰe",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Indo-European",
"lang_code": "ine-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/bʰo",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with etymon",
"Proto-Indo-European entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Indo-European lemmas",
"Proto-Indo-European particles"
],
"glosses": [
"emphatic particle: surely, indeed"
],
"links": [
[
"emphatic",
"emphatic#English"
],
[
"surely",
"surely"
],
[
"indeed",
"indeed"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme"
]
}
],
"word": "bʰo"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bʰo meaning in All languages combined (2.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.